The mission of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) Defense Sciences Office (DSO) is to identify and create the next generation of scientific discovery to fuel innovation throughout the Agency and beyond. DSO serves as DARPAs DARPA by developing and executing an aggressive and forward leaning portfolio that expands the art of the possible across a broad set of technical areas. DSO aims to create strategic surprise advantage for the DoD by pushing science towards its fundamental limits. We look to prevent technological surprise by understanding the path commercial research and development (R) is taking, anticipating that our adversaries will exploit available technology to develop new capabilities in the coming decades. In addition, the office looks for changes at the global scale and the impact such changes may have on our nation.